A wet scrubber is an air pollution control device used to remove particulates and/or gases from industrial exhaust streams. The basic design of a wet scrubber typically includes the following components:

Inlet: This is where the contaminated air enters the wet scrubber.

Scrubbing Fluid: This is the liquid used to remove particulates and/or gases from polluted air. The type of scrubbing fluid used depends on the type of contamination to be removed. Common cleaning solutions include water, alkaline solutions, and acids.

Mixing Chamber: Contaminated air and scrubbing fluid are mixed in the mixing chamber for effective removal of contaminants. Mixing can be achieved by using mechanical agitation, such as fans or mechanical mixers, or by creating turbulence in the chamber using diffusers or nozzles.

Collection section: The collection section is where the particles are separated from the wash solution. This can be done by sedimentation, filtration or centrifugation. The separated particles are then removed from the system while the wash solution is recycled back to the mixing chamber.

Outlet: The cleaned air leaves the scrubber through the outlet.

In addition to the above components, wet scrubber systems can also include other features such as mist eliminators, activated carbon adsorption equipment, plasma deodorizers, ventilation connection ducts, centrifugal fans.

Wet Scrubber Design Guide

Determine the pollutant type:
The first step in designing a wet scrubber is to determine the type of contaminants that will be removed from the gas stream. This will help determine the type of washer fluid that will be used, as well as the required scrubber size and configuration.

Determine the flow rate:
The flow rate of the airflow must be determined to determine the required scrubber size. This can be done by measuring the amount of air that will be processed by the scrubber.

Choose a wash solution:
The type of scrubbing fluid to be used must be determined by the type of contaminant to be removed from the gas stream. This may involve choosing a specific chemical solution, such as an alkaline solution or an acid, or a combination of chemicals.

Determine the liquid to gas ratio:
The liquid to gas ratio (L/G) is an important factor in determining scrubber efficiency. A higher L/G ratio will result in a more efficient scrubber, but it will also increase the cost of the scrubber. A general guideline is to use an L/G ratio of 1:1 to 2:1, although this may vary by application.

Design the mixing chamber:
The mixing chamber is where the wash liquid and air flow mix. The design of the mixing chamber will depend on the type of contaminants to be removed and the size of the scrubber. Fans or mechanical mixers can be used to agitate the wash liquor, or diffusers or nozzles can be used to create turbulent flow in the chamber.

Design collection part:
The collection section is where the particles are separated from the wash solution. This can be done by sedimentation, filtration or centrifugation. The separated particles are then removed from the system while the wash solution is recycled back to the mixing chamber.

Determine the recirculation rate:
The recirculation rate of the scrubber will depend on the type of contaminant being removed, as well as the size and configuration of the scrubber. A higher recirculation rate will result in a more efficient scrubber, but it will also increase the cost of the scrubber.

Consider additional functions:
Additional features such as mist eliminators and heating elements can be added to scrubbers to increase their efficiency. Mist eliminators remove droplets from the exhaust stream, while heating elements can be used to maintain a certain temperature in the scrubber.

These are just some guidelines for designing a wet scrubber. It is important to consult a professional company or air pollution control manufacturer to determine the best design for a particular application. They will consider the specific requirements and constraints of the application and perform detailed design calculations to ensure the scrubber is effective and efficient.